Living and Working Condition of Sivakasi Fire Workers: A Socio- Economic Perspective

Abstract

The fireworks industry in Sivakasi, Tamil Nadu, stands as one of India’s most prominent labour-intensive sectors and plays a crucial role in generating local employment and supporting the national festival market. Despite its economic significance, the workers engaged in fireworks production continue to face adverse socio-economic conditions, including low wages, employment instability, occupational health hazards, and limited access to formal social protection. This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of the socio-economic status of Sivakasi fireworks workers by analysing their demographic profile, income patterns, working environment, safety awareness, and utilisation of welfare schemes. The research is based on primary data collected from 120 workers employed across various fireworks units in the region. Information on income, working hours, occupational hazards, family background, and welfare access was gathered through a structured questionnaire. The data were analysed using percentage analysis, descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. The study highlights the urgent need for strengthened safety protocols, improved welfare provisions, greater awareness of government schemes, and enhanced income-generating opportunities. By offering systematic insights into the lived realities of fireworks workers, the study adds to existing literature and provides valuable guidance for policymakers, industry stakeholders, and labour welfare agencies in advancing the socio-economic well-being of the workforce.