Gender Issues in Adolescent Mental Health Post-Pandemic: Rehabilitation

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic profoundly disrupted adolescents’ emotional, social, and academic lives, revealing clear gender-based differences in psychological experiences. This study explores how adolescents navigated the pandemic and identifies the kinds of support needed for recovery, with a focus on gender-specific support. Using a qualitative design, data were collected through focus group discussions and semistructured interviews with 50 adolescents (25 boys and 25 girls), along with insights from five mothers and five female teachers. Thematic analysis highlighted distinct gender differences in coping and emotional expression. Girls reported higher levels of emotional strain, academic pressure, disrupted friendships, and family-related stress and were more likely to seek emotional support. Boys, in contrast, often suppressed their emotions, withdrew socially, displayed irritability or aggression, and found it difficult to communicate their distress. These patterns were shaped by disrupted routines, reduced peer interaction, academic uncertainty, and sociocultural norms that discourage emotional openness in boys. The findings highlight the need for gender-responsive mental health support, including peer support, school counselling, family involvement, and healthier emotional expression. By addressing the unique needs of both boys and girls, such interventions can support adolescent resilience and facilitate recovery in the post-pandemic period.