Journal Policy

Retraction Policy

Authors are also obliged to provide retractions or corrections of errors found subsequent to publication. Our journal adheres strictly to the guidelines established by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) regarding article retractions.

Retractions are considered when an article contains clear, evidence-backed findings that undermine the reliability of the research, whether through honest error (e.g., miscalculation or experimental flaw) or misconduct (e.g., data fabrication, falsification, image manipulation, or severe plagiarism).

Retractions may also be issued in cases of redundant publication, unauthorized use of data, or unaddressed peer review/editorial compromise.

In alignment with COPE standards, retractions are intended to correct the scholarly record rather than punish authors. Retracted articles will not be removed from the online record but will be prominently marked as "Retracted" with a clear, publicly accessible Retraction Notice stating who is retracting the paper and detailing the specific grounds for the action.