Weaving Biodiversity: The Interwoven Heritage of Eri Textile and Ecological Sustainability in Assam 0 0

Abstract

This study explores the interwoven heritage of Eri silk weaving and its role in biodiversity conservation in the state of Assam. Eri silk, also known as ahimsa silk, is eco-friendly and non-violent in production. Eri culture is the traditional practice of rearing Eri silkworms, which has existed for a long time in Assam. Eri silk weaving was practiced by the ethnic communities of Assam, such as the Boros, Kacharis, Misings, Karbis, etc. The weavers are now creating Eri silk fabrics that are in high demand, not only in India but also internationally.

The traditional practices and indigenous knowledge systems associated with Eri silk weaving and the cultivation of castor plants—the primary food for Eri silkworms provide a sustainable way the use of natural resources and also contribute to sustainable livelihoods. It leads to the socio-economic well-being of local communities and the sustainability of biodiversity. It can serve as a model for biodiversity-based sustainable livelihoods, contributing towards economic development. It also helps conserve biodiversity through sustainable agroforestry and organic farming, which enhances the soil and increases plant diversity. Modernisation and changing market dynamics has impacted the traditional Eri silk practices and the associated biodiversity, including shifts in land use, plant species cultivation, and silkworm-rearing methods.

This paper aims to document traditional practices, assess the ecological impact of Eri silk production, and examine its potential for biodiversity-based sustainable development based on interviews, surveys, and environmental assessments to gather data from weavers, farmers, and community leaders. Eri silk weaving provides crucial livelihoods, particularly for women, reinforcing socio-economic stability. However, challenges such as habitat loss and reduced transmission of traditional knowledge due to modernisation can be observed. Integrated policies promote biodiversity conservation and sustainable livelihoods, ensuring local communities' resilience and cultural heritage preservation.